The Healthcare System in Spain for Foreigners

All you need to know about public and private healthcare, how to access it, and what coverage you need for your residency.

Overview of the National Health System (SNS)

Spain is renowned for having one of the best healthcare systems in the world, offering universal and high-quality care. It is primarily funded through taxes and is decentralized, with management transferred to the Autonomous Communities. The pillars of the system are:

Universal Access

All legal residents in Spain who contribute to Social Security, as well as their dependents, are entitled to public healthcare. This includes workers, self-employed individuals, pensioners, and unemployed people receiving benefits.

Primary and Specialized Care

The entry point to the system is the health center ('centro de salud'), where a general practitioner (GP) is assigned. From there, patients are referred to specialists and hospitals if necessary. Emergencies are covered 24/7 in hospitals and emergency centers.

Pharmaceutical Coverage

Medications prescribed by SNS doctors have a co-payment, which varies depending on the patient's income and status (for example, pensioners usually have a reduced co-payment).

How do Foreigners Access Healthcare?

Access conditions vary depending on your situation and nationality.

EU/EEA/Swiss Citizens

Citizens from these countries who reside in Spain and work (employed or self-employed) or are pensioners are entitled to public healthcare under the same conditions as Spaniards. For temporary stays, the European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) covers medically necessary care.

Residency Guide for EU citizens

Non-EU Citizens

If you legally reside and work in Spain, contributing to Social Security, you are entitled to healthcare. For visas like the non-lucrative or digital nomad visa, comprehensive private health insurance in Spain is an essential requirement to obtain the visa.

Non-Lucrative Visa Requirements Digital Nomad Visa Guide

Private Medical Insurance

Many expats choose to take out private medical insurance, even if they have access to the public system. This can offer shorter waiting times for specialists, private hospital rooms, and sometimes, care in English. It is mandatory for certain types of visas.

Inquire About Medical Insurance

Steps to Register with the Healthcare System

General steps to obtain your health card (Tarjeta Sanitaria - SIP):

Get a Social Security Number: If you are employed, your employer will handle this. If you are self-employed, you must apply for it yourself at the Social Security office.
Empadronamiento: Register on the municipal roll ('padrón') of your place of residence. This is a mandatory and crucial step.
Apply for Recognition of the Right to Healthcare: This is done at a Social Security Information and Attention Center (CAISS).
Apply for the Health Card (SIP): Once your right is recognized, go to your nearest health center with the recognition document, your 'empadronamiento' certificate, NIE/TIE, and passport.

Note: It is important to check the specific requirements of your Autonomous Community, as there may be slight variations in the process.

Healthcare FAQs I Need Help With the Paperwork

Questions About Your Healthcare Coverage in Spain?

We can help you understand your options, choose the most suitable medical insurance if needed, or manage your Social Security registration.